Unveiling the Essence and Impact of Transdisciplinary Research

Collaboration between researchers and users in producing and combining different types of knowledge is nothing new. But in research environments and cultures that remain largely geared towards mono-disciplinary approaches, it is increasingly recognised that these are ill equipped to address complex, interconnected transdisciplinary challenges.

The UNDISCIPLINED project, led by RoRI Senior Research Fellow Helen Buckley Woods, focuses on the importance of definitions and descriptions of transdisciplinary research (TDR). It investigates how research funders define TDR, the facets of meaning within these definitions, and what can be learned from the different approaches used, within a range of TDR funding programmes. 

We are excited to share that the project’s key output has just been published; a comprehensive working paper covering:

• A literature review synthesising evidence on TDR funding practices, what TDR is and how it is defined
• An analysis of seven call for proposal documents investigating how research funders define and describe transdisciplinary research
• A series of in-depth case studies on how TDR is funded in practice, from the Austrian Science Fund, Dutch Research Council, Volkswagen Foundation, the Swiss National Science Foundation, King Baudouin Foundation and the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada

Bridging Gaps and Driving Change

Transdisciplinary research is more than just a buzzword—it’s a transformative approach that thrives on collaboration and connection. Whatever the topic and context, it involves researchers making a difference to people’s lives by working side by side with them. 

The roots and breadth of collaborative research between academic and non-academic partners are as great as the human imagination, with collaborations emerging from every field and discipline, and across professional, practitioner and community groups. 

Recognising this complexity, our working paper delves into the intricacies of TDR definitions within the context of funding programmes. 

This exploration sheds light on how research funders classify, define, and operationalise TDR, providing a clearer picture for both scholars and practitioners.

Exploring the Landscape: Definitions and Descriptions

Our study, driven by the interest of our funder partners, examines how TDR is defined and described in funding programmes and how peer reviewers are guided and supported by funders to evaluate funding applications. 

How do research funders classify and define transdisciplinary research? 

What models and methods are used? 

What can be learned from comparing these approaches?

By addressing key research questions, we unveil the diverse ways in which TDR is understood and implemented. 

Key Findings and Recommendations

Through a qualitative study encompassing literature reviews, document analyses and case studies, we identify three core facets of meaning in definitions of TDR:

• academic/non-academic partnerships
• values
• societally impactful research outcomes

These elements form the backbone of TDR, guiding researchers and funders alike in their collaborative endeavours.

Our findings underscore the importance of fostering strong partnerships, offering practical recommendations for funders. These include:

• allowing time for partnerships to develop
• providing initial funding to support early stages
• offering guidance and training for applicants

Effective communication between funders, researchers, and knowledge users is vital to ensure clear roles and responsibilities and to achieve broader programme goals.

Evaluating TDR proposals requires a nuanced approach. Mixed panels with diverse perspectives are recommended, ensuring a balanced assessment. Addressing potential biases and power imbalances within these panels is crucial for fostering a productive and equitable review process.

Conclusion

Our research highlights the evolving and enhanced role of funders in facilitating TDR. By examining seven calls, we illustrate how definitions and descriptions of TDR are closely tied to evaluation processes and overall programme delivery. This alignment ensures that TDR projects are not only well-defined but also actionable and impactful.

While our study offers a focused analysis, it opens the door for broader discussions on strategic approaches to funding TDR. By engaging with diverse voices and perspectives, we aim to provide valuable insights for research funding organisations, metascience communities, and stakeholders across the research ecosystem.

Join the Conversation

Transdisciplinary research is a powerful tool for societal change, and understanding its nuances is crucial for maximising its impact. We invite researchers, funders, and practitioners to delve into our working paper and contribute to the ongoing dialogue on TDR.